Wolf3D

 A raycasting engine using Wolfenstein 3D (1992)'s  rendering algorithm.

Raycasting is a rendering technique to create a 3D perspective in a 2D map. Back when computers were slower it wasn't possible to run real 3D engines in realtime, and raycasting was the first solution. Raycasting can go very fast, because only a calculation has to be done for every vertical line of the screen.